C - Programming : The Complete Introduction to the C Programming

 Basic Concepts in C Programming Language

HISTORY OF C-LANGUAGE 

C language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell laboratories of AT &T   (American Telephone & Telegraph), located within the U.S.A. Stable released on C18 / June 2018. 

Dennis Ritchie is the father of the C language. Initially, C language was developed to be utilized in UNIX package.

 WHAT IS C-PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

The C language is taken into account as base for other programming languages, that's why it's referred to 

as mother language. 

It may be defined by the subsequent ways:

* Mother Language 

* System programing language 

* Procedure-oriented 

*artificial language 

* Structured programing language 

* Mid-Level programing language

 HOW TO INSTALL C

 There are many compilers available for C And C++. to put in the Turbo C software, you would like to follow following steps.

 1. Download Turbo C++ 

 2. Create Turbo C 

directory inside C Drive and therefore the extract the tc3.zip inside c:\turboc 

 3. Double Click on install.exe file. 

 4. Click on the tc application 

file located inside c:\TC\BIN to jot down the computer programme. 

 5. Download Turbo C++ Software. FIRST computer programme Before the starting the Abcd of C language, you would like to find out the way to write, compile and run the primary computer programme. 

To write the primary programme, open the C console and write the subsequent code:

 #include 

int main ;

 return 0;

 } 

HOW TO COMPILE AND RUN 

The computer programme There are two ways to compile and run the computer program, by menu and by short cut

 1. By Menu Now click 

on the compile menu then compile sub menu to compile the programme Then click on the run menu then run sub menu to run the program 

 2. By Shortcut Press Ctrl+F9 keys to compile and run the program directly, Now, press Esc to return to Turbo C++ Console.

 PRINTF() AND SCANF() IN C 

The both Printf() and Scanf() are used for input and output in C Language, Both functions are inbuilt library functions. defined in stdio.h (header file).

 Print() function

 The printf() function is employed for output. It prints the given statement to the console. The syntax of printf() function is given below: Printf("format string",argument_list); 

Scanf() Function

 The Scanf() function is employed for Input. It reads the 

computer file from the console. The syntax of scanf() function is given below: Scanf(""format string",argument_list); 

FUNCTIONS

 Functions are main building blocks of any programme. Every program will have one or more functions and there's one mandatory function which is 

named main() function. 

VARIABLES

Variables are wont to hold numbers, strings and complicated data for manipulation. Styles of VARIABLE IN C There are many sorts of variable in C

1. Local Variable 

2.Global Variable 

3.Static Variable 

4.Automatic Variable 

5.External Variable

 DATA TYPES IN C

1.Basic data type 

2.Derived data type 

3.Enumeration data type 

4.Void data type 

C-OPERATORS

 Types of Operators

1.Arithmatic Operators 

2.Relational Operators 

3.Shift Operators 

4.Logical Operators 

5.Bitwise Operators 

6.Ternary or Conditional Operators 

7.Assignment Operator 

8.Misc Operator

 Why use loops in C language?

 1. The looping simplifies the complex problems into the straightforward ones. 

 2. It enables us to change the flow of the program in order that, rather than writing same code again and again. In C, we are able to divide an outsized program into the Basic building blocks referred to as function. 

TYPES OF FUNTIONS 

There are two sorts of functions: 

1. Library function 

2. user-defined function

 ARRAYS IN C

It is a set of comparable variety of data items stored at contiguous memory locations. which can store the primitive style of data like int, char, double, float, etc.. It even have the potential 

to store the gathering of information types, like Pointers, Structures, etc.. 

DECLARATION OF ARRAY

We can declare an array in C language within the following way: data_type array_name[array_size];

 STATEMENTS AND EXPRESSIONS

Expressions combine variables and constants to form new values. Statements are expressions, assignments, function calls, or control flow statements which structure C 

programs. 

COMMENTS

Comments are wont to give additional useful information inside a C program. All the comments are put inside /*...*/ 

as given within the example above. 

POINTERS

Pointers are a few things which you do not get in many languages, thanks to security issues 

but if used properly Pointers give immense power to the programmer, with pointers you'll be able to see the content of any memory location 

whether that's within the scope of the program or not. The prime purpose of introducing C++ language was to implement object oriented

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